He told Reuters that he denies the charges and has never engaged in drug trafficking.
“This hits me like a bucket of cold water, because I have nothing to be ashamed of,” he said in a phone interview from Honduras.
“When someone goes about in the dealings of narco-traffickers, he has lots of money, and what I have are debts.”
Prosecutors also announced related charges against three other people, including Arnaldo Urbina Soto, a former mayor of the city of Yoro.
The other defendants, who are not in custody, could not immediately be reached for comment.
Authorities said they would seek their extradition to the United States.
Prosecutors said that from 2004 to 2014, Martinez Turcios and Urbina Soto gave their support to multiple drug trafficking organizations in Honduras as they moved 221 pounds (100 kilograms) loads of cocaine through the country from Venezuela, Colombia and elsewhere.
The prosecutors said Martinez Turcios belonged to the Cachiros, and received more than $1 million in bribes from leaders of the organization. They said he personally escorted cocaine shipments for the group and took part in weapons training for paid assassins the Cachiros recruited from the gang MS-13.
Prosecutors also said that Urbina Soto and two others helped oversee the transport of illicit drugs.
Martinez Turcios, 57, and Urbina Soto, 37, could face life in prison if they are convicted of the most serious charges, prosecutors said.
Fabio Lobo was arrested in a Drug Enforcement Administration sting in 2015, pleaded guilty to conspiring to import cocaine into the United States and was sentenced to 24 years in prison in September.